His older brother and heir to the throne, Nicholas, died in 1865. Contemporaries noted his sturdy health, athletic build and exceptional modesty in everyday life. In 1866 Alexander married the daughter of King Christian IX of Denmark, Dagmar (Marie Sophie Frederikke Dagmar), who had been his late brother's fiancee. In such policies Alexander III followed the advice of Konstantin Pobedonostsev, who retained control of the Church in Russia through his long tenure as Procurator of the Holy Synod (from 1880 to 1905) and who became tutor to Alexander's son and heir, Nicholas. The general negative consensus about the tsar's foreign policy follows the conclusions of the British Prime Minister Lord Salisbury in 1885: In foreign affairs Alexander III was a man of peace, but not at any price, and held that the best means of averting war is to be well-prepared for it. In the Gatchina Palace, where the Alexander chose to live, a rich collection of art was amassed, a large portion of which later entered into the Hermitage's collection. However, this peace was often done at the expense of the working class and peasantry. We conducted nine more studies with nearly 5,500 participants, mostly . The new Emperor believed that remaining true to Russian Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationality (the ideology introduced by his grandfather, emperor Nicholas I) would save Russia from revolutionary agitation. We can help you make the right choice from hundreds of St. Petersburg hotels and hostels. Alexander III of Russia was the emperor of Russia from 1881 to 1894. On March 13 (March 1, Old Style), 1881, Alexander II was assassinated, and the following day autocratic power passed to his son. ", Carolly Erickson, Alexandra: The Last Tsarina, p. 19, Alexander Mikhailovich, Once a Grand Duke, p. 65, Julia P. Gelardi, From Splendor to Revolution, p.29, Simon Sebag Montefiore, The Romanovs, p. 459, Miranda Carter, George, Nicholas, and Wilhelm: Three Royal Cousins and the Road to World War I, p. 54, John Curtis Perry, The Flight of the Romanovs, p. 54, John Van der Kiste, The Romanovs 1818-1959," p. 121, Julia P. Gelardi, From Splendor to Revolution, p.128, Kalakaua to his sister, 12 July 1881, quoted in Greer, Richard A. The best doctors of the time were called to help, but none were able to save the dying Emperor. The four-meter monument by Russian sculptor Andrey Kovalchuk depicts Alexander III sitting on a stump, his stretched arms resting on a sabre. He was known for being a conservative leader who went back on many of the liberal acts that his father passes as King. He received only the perfunctory training given to grand dukes of that period, which did not go much beyond primary and secondary instruction, acquaintance with French, English, and German, and military drill. He had long viewed the reforms of the mid-19th century as too liberal and permissive. [6] He said, "That is what I am going to do to your two or three army corps. His only accomplishment being to strengthen his autocratic rule at the expense of the working class and peasantry. History has made its judgement. Copyright 2023 Bob Atchison. Get around in comfort with a chauffeured car or van to suit your budget and requirements. The Okhrana uncovered the plot and five of the conspirators, including Aleksandr Ulyanov, the older brother of Vladimir Lenin, were captured and hanged in May 1887. He was known to be highly conservative and a staunch supporter of Russian nationalism. He and Maria Feodorovna were officially crowned and anointed at the Assumption Cathedral in Moscow on 27 May 1883. That alliance brought France out of diplomatic isolation, and moved Russia from the German orbit to a coalition with France, one that was strongly supported by French financial assistance to Russia's economic modernisation. Its roof collapsed, and Alexander held its remains on his shoulders as the children fled outdoors. 13 March [O.S. All of Alexander III's internal reforms aimed to reverse the liberalization that had occurred in his father's reign. Alexander III had six children (five of whom survived to adulthood) of his marriage with Princess Dagmar of Denmark, also known as Marie Feodorovna. Polunov, A. Iu. 26 February] 1845 1 November [O.S. On the very day of his death he signed an ukaz creating a number of consultative commissions that might have been transformed eventually into a representative assembly. Each one received an annual salary of 250,000 rubles, and grand duchesses received a dowry of a million when they married. The eighth film. The original Welsh Guards Leek Brooch which was . All rights reserved. It was also expensive for the Crown to pay so many grand dukes each year. While on his deathbed, his brother Nicholas insisted that he also take his fiance. Immediately after ascending the throne, Alexander promulgated a manifesto entitled "On the Inviolability of Autocracy." He loved the simplicity of Russian life and had little taste for anything western. Alexander and his father became estranged due to their different political views. In 1909, a bronze equestrian statue of Alexander III sculpted by Paolo Troubetzkoy was placed in Znamenskaya Square in front of the Moscow Rail Terminal in St. Petersburg. Alexander Iii is a famous Emperor who has a net worth of $1-2 million. We can find you a suitable interpreter for your negotiations, research or other needs. [3]. His opinions are utterly childish. His political legacy represented a direct challenge to the European cultural order set forth by German statesman Otto von Bismarck, intermingling Russian influences with the shifting balances of power. As he passed where I was standing, he raised his head for a second, and to this day I can remember what I felt as our eyes met. Who Is Czar Aleksandr III's Wife? Troubetzkoy envisioned the statue as a caricature, jesting that he wished "to portray an animal atop another animal", and it was quite controversial at the time, with many, including the members of the Imperial Family, opposed to the design, but it was approved because the Empress Dowager unexpectedly liked the monument. It's free to sign up and bid on jobs. Liberals do not By Jer Clifton on March 1, 2023 . Though he lived in the large Gachina Palace, he chose to live in the renovated servants area. "[49], Each summer his parents-in-law, King Christian IX and Queen Louise, held family reunions at the Danish royal palaces of Fredensborg and Bernstorff, bringing Alexander, Maria and their children to Denmark. As Tsar, Alexander would repress non-Russians . After her conversion to Orthodoxy, she took the name of Marie Fedorovna. Though indignant at the conduct of Bismarck toward Russia, he avoided an open rupture with Germany and even revived for a time the Alliance of the Three Emperors between the rulers of Germany, Russia, and Austria. Alexander III of Russia was born on March 10, 1845 in Saint Petersburg, Russia (49 years old). He ascended the throne March 14, 1881, the day after the assassination of his father, Alexander II. Alexander III of Russia was the emperor of Russia from 1881 to 1894, dubbed "The Peacemaker", Alexander III of Russia was the emperor of Russia from 1881 to 1894. The Tsar's inability or unwillingness to prepare his son Nicholas at an early age to rule as absolute autocrat further exacerbated the future events that would sweep over his Empire. Alexander III was known to be a man of peace when it came to foreign relations with other nations. Contents 1 Biography Alexander III became ill with incurable kidney disease in early 1894 and died on 1 November 1894, at the age 6f 49. Aleksandr III Aleksandrovich; 10 March 1845 - 1 November 1894) [1] was Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 13 March 1881 until his death in 1894. Alexander III, Tsar of Russia, reigned from 1881 to 1894. born a Grand Duke, but stripped of his title by, title of pretence granted by Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich as claimant to the Russian throne, title of pretence granted by Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich as claimant to the Russian throne, Peter and Paul Cathedral, Saint Petersburg, international relations of Russian society, Queen-consort Alexandra of the United Kingdom, Russian language in Russian schools in Germany, Poland, and Finland, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich of Russia, Princess Catherine Alexandrovna Yurievskaya, Cross of Honour of the Order of the Dannebrog, Grand Cross of the Mexican Eagle, with Collar, Grand Cross of the Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig, Grand Duke Alexander Alexandrovich of Russia, Grand Duke George Alexandrovich of Russia, Grand Duchess Xenia Alexandrovna of Russia, Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia, Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia, Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden, https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv141649s?turn_away=true, "ALEXANDER III., ALEXANDROVICH, Emperor of Russia - JewishEncyclopedia.com", "Die Judenverfolgung in Ruland in der Krnungswoche", "Putin unveils monument to Russia's Tsar Alexander III in Crimea", Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich of Russia, Alexander Mikhailovich, "The Royal Role Model: Historical Revisionism in Russia", "Unveiling of monument to Emperor Alexander III", Russian Imperial Army - Emperor Alexander III of Russia, "Liste des Membres de l'Ordre de Lopold", Staatshandbcher fr das Herzogtum Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha, The Royal TouristKalakaua's Letters Home from Tokio to London, "Militaire Willems-Orde: Romanov, Aleksandr III Nikolajevitsj", "Troca de Decoraes entre os Reis de Portugal e os Imperadores da Rssia", "Caballeros de la insigne orden del toisn de oro", Bibliography of Russian history (16131917), Child abductions in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alexander_III_of_Russia&oldid=1142174685, Russian military personnel of the Russo-Turkish War (18771878), Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia), Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class, Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd class, Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Second Degree, Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, Recipients of the Order of Bravery, 1st class, Grand Commanders of the Order of the Dannebrog, Recipients of the Cross of Honour of the Order of the Dannebrog, Bailiffs Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, Recipients of the Order of the Netherlands Lion, Knights Grand Cross of the Military Order of William, Grand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal), Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint James of the Sword, Grand Crosses of the Order of the Star of Romania, Recipients of the Pour le Mrite (military class), Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint-Charles, Burials at Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral, Saint Petersburg, Articles containing Russian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Articles needing additional references from October 2020, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from October 2020, Articles with self-published sources from November 2021, Articles with self-published sources from January 2021, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopdia Britannica, Articles with dead external links from July 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Alexander Alexandrovich Romanov, Tsar of all the Russia's, died of Nephritis on October 20, 1894 (OS) at the summer palace at Livadia in the Crimea. [citation needed] Alexander resented having to take refuge at Gatchina. In October 1888 the Imperial train derailed while the Tsar and his family were eating in the dining car. Russia's hopes for a constitution also died that day. He was born as Alexander Alexandrovich Romanov on 10 March 1845 at the Winter Palace in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire, to Emperor Alexander II of Russia and his wife Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse). [26] They banned Jews from inhabiting rural areas and shtetls (even within the Pale of Settlement) and restricted the occupations in which they could engage.[27][28]. His father had been a soft-hearted, liberal ruler and Alexander III was nothing like him in disposition. Historians still debate Alexander's role in his father's murder. [citation needed] These ideas conflicted with those of his father, who had German sympathies despite being a patriot; Alexander II often used the German language in his private relations, occasionally ridiculed the Slavophiles and based his foreign policy on the Prussian alliance. ", Suny, Ronald Grigor. Even the famed clergyman John of Kronstadt paid a visit and administered Communion to the Tsar. Alexander III was born on March 10, 1845 in Saint Petersburg, Russia. In his Accession Manifesto, he declared his intention to have "full faith in the justice and strength of the autocracy" that he had been entrusted with. At Nicholas request, Alexander married his late brothers fiance, Dagmar, a Danish princess. He was a loving father and devoted husband. How could he preside over such a committee?[47] He was worried that Nicholas had no experiences with women and arranged for the Polish ballerina Mathilde Kschessinskaya to become his son's mistress. [36] Also during his reign, construction of the Trans Siberian Railway was started. There was indeed something of the muzhik [Russian peasant] about him. After leaving Livadia on 6 November and traveling to St. Petersburg by way of Moscow, his remains were interred on 18 November at the Peter and Paul Fortress, with his funeral being attended by numerous foreign relatives, including King Christian IX of Denmark, the Prince and Princess of Wales, and Duke of York, and Duke and Duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, and his daughter-in-law to be, Alix of Hesse, and her brother, Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig of Hesse. Grand Duke Alexander Alexandrovich (the future Emperor Alexander III) was the second son of Alexander II and the Empress Maria Alexandrovna. Their marriage was a happy one with no known infidelity. Bound by duty, he left his lady-love and married Princess Dagmar of Denmark (later known as Maria Feodorovna) in 1866 in the Imperial Chapel of the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg. Alexander had better relationships with his other brothers: Alexei (who he made rear admiral and then a grand admiral of the Russian Navy), Sergei (who he made governor of Moscow) and Paul. He encouraged trade and commerce and took steps to revive Russias economy which had suffered a major setback after the Russian-Turkish war of 18771878. Alexander III of Macedon (Ancient Greek: , romanized: Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC - 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. However when his brother Nicolas was in his deathbed, he asked Alexander to marry his fiance, Princess Dagmar of Denmark. The union proved a happy one to the end; unlike nearly all of his predecessors since Peter I, there was no adultery in his marriage. ", Etty, John. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Alexander III's Net Worth: $1-5 Million. Alongside these repressions were economic policies that encouraged the construction of railways and heavy industries. Mikhail Katkov and other journalists supported the emperor in his autocracy. At the same time, the country experienced an economic upturn: preparations were made for a monetary reform and the introduction of the gold-backed rouble, a tax reform was introduced, customs regulations adopted, and the introduction of a government monopoly on the wine trade increased tax revenues. In order to achieve this goal, he implemented a stringent policy of Russification of national minorities. However, his phlegmatic nature restrained him from many exaggerations, and any popular illusions he may have imbibed were dispelled by personal observation in Bulgaria where he commanded the left wing of the invading army. In his childhood, he had had an unpleasant experience on a bad-tempered mount. https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/alexander-iii-of-russia-6260.php, Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia, Grand Duchess Xenia Alexandrovna of Russia, Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia. In foreign affairs he was emphatically a man of peace but not a partisan of the doctrine of peace at any price. During the years of his reign Russia was not involved in even a single major war. He was born during the reign of his grandfather Nicholas I. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. - Alexander III, the Russian Revolution. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. All the internal reforms that he initiated were intended to correct what he considered the too liberal tendencies of the previous reign. Alexander III (Russian: III , tr. [8], Alexander III took initiatives to stimulate the development of trade and industry, as his father did before him. "Konstantin Petrovich PobedonostsevMan and Politician". Omissions? Maximize your time in St. Petersburg with tours expertly tailored to your interests. He encouraged trade and commerce and took steps to revive Russias economy which had suffered a major setback after the Russian-Turkish war of 18771878. The Tsar's gaze! 20 October] 1894. It was also Pobedonostsev that taught Alexander III to be anti-Semitic and view the Jewish community of the Empire as "Christ Killers". With regard to Bulgaria he exercised similar self-control. His reign is often referred to as the Age of Counter Reform. John Van der Kiste, The Romanovs 1818-1959," p. 101, John Van der Kiste, The Romanovs 1818-1959," p. 132, John Van der Kiste, The Romanovs 1818-1959," p. 133, Simon Sebag Montefiore, The Romanovs, p. 407, Simon Sebag Montefiore, The Romanovs, p. 409, Simon Sebag Montefiore, The Romanovs, p. 415, Simon Sebag Montefiore, The Romanovs, p. 441, Simon Sebag Montefiore, The Romanovs, p. 442, Simon Sebag Montefiore, The Romanovs, p. 445, John Van der Kiste, The Romanovs 1818-1959," p. 86, Simon Sebag Montefiore, The Romanovs, p. 451, I. Michael Aronson, "The Attitudes of Russian Officials in the 1880s toward Jewish Assimilation and Emigration. Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Prince of Finland from 1881 to 1894. . The tsesarevich Nikolay, on his deathbed, had expressed a wish that his fiance, Princess Dagmar of Denmark, thenceforward known as Maria Fyodorovna, should marry his successor. He was the embodiment of the fabled Russian bear. His reign was one of conservative reaction and the repression of revolutionary and reform groups. [48] Even at the end of his life, he considered Nicholas a child and told him, "I can't imagine you as a fianc how strange and unusual! He was known for being a conservative leader who went back on many of the liberal . Because of his love for maintaining peaceful foreign relations, he earned the moniker, "The Peacemaker". Alexander was an avid collector of art, and in this matter he was only rivaled by Catherine the Great. However, during a trip to Europe, Nicholas unexpectedly fell ill with meningitis and died in Nice, and Alexander, to his own surprise, became heir to the throne. Alexander III, Russian in full Aleksandr Aleksandrovich, (born March 10 [February 26, Old Style], 1845, St. Petersburg, Russiadied November 1 [October 20, Old Style], 1894, Livadiya, Crimea), emperor of Russia from 1881 to 1894, opponent of representative government, and supporter of Russian nationalism. He was the recipient of several honors including Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation from the Kingdom of Italy (1865), French Lgion d'Honneur (1865), Order of the Golden Fleece from Spain (1865), Order of the Southern Cross from the Empire of Brazil (1866), and Order of St. Stephen of Hungary (1866). The marriage resulted in six children, including the heir to the throne, the future Emperor Nicholas II. [52] The prefect of St. Petersburg needed to escort Vladimir out of the restaurant. He is from Russia. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. In this, he asserted his commitment to maintaining tsarist autocracy and the supremacy of the Orthodox church. On the day of his assassination, Alexander II signed an ukaz setting up consultative commissions to advise the monarch. Learn about DNA. Height: in centimeters - N/A: Weight: in kg - N/A: Eye Color: N/A: Hair Color: N/A: Blood Type: N/A: Tattoo(s) N/A: Alexander III of Russia. He was born on March 10, 1845 and his birthplace is Saint Petersburg, Russia. Alexander would get married and have a son named Nicholas. While his brother Nicolasthe tsarevich or heir apparentwas groomed to be the future king, Alexander only received the training of an ordinary Grand Duke of that period. [11], Alexander resented his father for having a long-standing relationship with Catherine Dolgorukov (with whom he had several illegitimate children) while his mother, the Empress, was suffering from chronic ill-health. His reign was one of conservative reaction and the repression of revolutionary and reform groups. When he became tsar, he reflected that no one had such an impact on my life as my dear brother and friend Nixa [Nicholas]"[9] and lamented that "a terrible responsibility fell on my shoulders" when Nicholas died. Navigate St. Petersburgs dining scene and find restaurants to remember. He was also good with kids and doted upon his daughters. Alexander II was mortally wounded and died shortly thereafter. History tends to view Alexander III as a brutish despot. During his autocratic reign Russian absolutism asserted itself for the last time. Alexander III of Russia is best remembered as a man of peace. Authors: Jennifer Llewellyn, Michael McConnell, Steve Thompson Though he was destined to be a strongly counter-reforming emperor, Alexander had little prospect of succeeding to the throne during the first two decades of his life, as he had an elder brother, Nicholas, who seemed of robust constitution. Please send your comments or suggestions on this page to Scott Malsom. See Alexander III Of Russia's spouse, children, sibling and parent names. At 49 years old, Czar Aleksandr III height is 6' 4" (1.94 m) . Alexander III Of Russia detail biography, family, facts and date of birth. "[44] He wrote in his diary that he "was crying like a baby"[45] when Dagmar gave birth to their first child, Nicholas. [32], Despite chilly relations with Berlin, the Tsar nevertheless confined himself to keeping a large number of troops near the German frontier. [10] On 9 November[O.S. Then he started studying the principles of law and administration under Konstantin Pobedonostsev. Having succeeded to the throne on the assassination of his father, Alexander II, he rejected the latter's plans for constitutional reform. He possessed such a strong will as to rule the Russian Empire as absolute autocrat, to the point where the Empire stabilized and prospered, thus allowing capitalism to begin to take root. An inscription says "Russia has only two allies: the Army and the Navy", although historians dispute whether the Tsar actually said those words. Enraged, Alexander II ordered him to go straight to Denmark and propose to Princess Dagmar. He was born as Alexander Alexandrovich Romanov on 10 March 1845 at the Winter Palace in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire, to Emperor Alexander II of Russia and his wife Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse). He tightened censorship of the press and sent thousands of revolutionaries to Siberia. Alexander Alexandrovich (Russian: ) (10 March 1845 - 1 November 1894), known historically as Alexander III or Alexander the Peacemaker reigned as Emperor of Russia from 13 March [O.S. Alexander III of Russia was born on March 10, 1845 in Saint Petersburg, Russian, is Former Emperor of All Russia. Alexander, then 23 years old, was in the palace at the moment of the assassination and his accession to the throne was announced by General Nicholas Zubov, one of the assassins. He was also known as Alexander the Peacemaker, due to the peace his rule heralded with his European and Asian neighbors. His father, the Tsar Liberator, had freed the serfs, predating Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation by two years. Awards of Alexander III Of Russia, birthday, children and many other facts. On 2 June 1866, Alexander went to Copenhagen to visit Dagmar. Diplomat Nikolay Girs, scion of a rich and powerful family, served as his Foreign Minister from 1882 to 1895 and established the peaceful policies for which Alexander has been given credit. Emperors, Former Emperor of all Russia, Kings, Historical Personalities, Emperors & Kings, Leaders, Grand Duchess Alexandra Alexandrovna of Russia, Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia, Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia, Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of Russia, Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia, Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia, Nicholas Alexandrovich, Tsarevich of Russia, Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia, Grand Duchess Xenia Alexandrovna of Russia, Grand Duke Alexander Alexandrovich of Russia, Grand Duke George Alexandrovich of Russia, Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia, Nicholas II of Russia, Russian Orthodox Church, Eastern Christianity. These included Alexander II's blood-soaked uniform that he died wearing, and his reading glasses. an absolute child. He died in the arms of his wife in the Black Sea resort of Livadia where he had gone in the hope that there his health might improve. During his reign, Russia fought no major wars; he was therefore came to be known as the "The Peacemaker" (Russian: , tr. To his credit, as a husband and a father he was greatly successful. [citation needed], The Russian famine of 189192, which caused 375,000 to 500,000 deaths, and the ensuing cholera epidemic permitted some liberal activity, as the Russian government could not cope with the crisis and had to allow zemstvos to help with relief (among others, Leo Tolstoy helped with relief efforts on his estate and through the British press,[24] and Chekhov directed anti-cholera precautions in several villages). While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. At a time when the Russian government should have begun adjusting itself to the changing realities of the 19th Century, Alexander instead clung to and strengthened the autocracy. [59] Recognizing that the Tsar's days were numbered, various imperial relatives began to descend on Livadia. Russian Revolution memory quiz events 1907-1916, Russian Revolution memory quiz events 1917, Russian Revolution memory quiz events 1918-1924, Russian Revolution memory quiz revolutionaries, Russian Revolution memory quiz tsarists, Russian Revolution memory quiz: concepts (I), Russian Revolution memory quiz: concepts (II), Russian Revolution memory quiz: events 1906 to 1913, Russian Revolution memory quiz: events 1914 to 1916, Russian Revolution memory quiz: events to 1905, a statement asserting his belief in unshakable autocracy. Upon taking the throne, Alexander began to undo the liberal reforms which had been enacted over the course of . Copyright 2001-2023 ZAO "SAINT-PETERSBURG.COM". 28 October]1866 in the Grand Church of the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg, Alexander wed Dagmar, who converted to Orthodox Christianity and took the name Maria Feodorovna. After the assassination of Alexander II in 1881, his son became successor and was now Alexander III Emperor of Russia, and was viewed as being more radical than his father had been. He was a conscientious commander, but he was mortified when most of what Russia had obtained by the Treaty of San Stefano was taken away at the Congress of Berlin under the chairmanship of the German chancellor Otto von Bismarck. As a young man he was madly in love with his mother's lady-in-waiting, Princess Maria Elimovna Meshcherskaya and wanted to marry her. [51] In Denmark, he was able to enjoy joining his children, nephews and nieces, in muddy ponds looking for tadpoles, sneaking into his father-in-law's orchard to steal apples, and playing pranks, such as turning a water hose on the visiting King Oscar II of Sweden. Citation information "Tsar Alexander III and the Boulanger Crisis in France. Industrial development increased during his reign. The onset of Alexander's kidney failure was later attributed to the blunt trauma suffered in this incident. [2] He was highly reactionary and reversed some of the liberal reforms of his father, Alexander II. Although an enthusiastic amateur musician and patron of the ballet, Alexander was seen as lacking refinement and elegance. Alexander III of Russia Biography. The terrible fate of the latter produced an awful impression upon Alexander, but instead of continuing the reforms of the "Czar-Emancipator," as was expected, heat once gave . Bronze Commemorative Medal for the Russo-Turkish War, Dorpalen, Andreas. Conflicts with Turkey and Afghanistan were resolved without resorting to arms. [4], Alexander was extremely strong. When Witte suggested that Nicholas participate in the Trans-Siberian Committee, Alexander said, Have you ever tried to discuss anything of consequence with His Imperial Highness the Grand Duke? "[40] When she left his side, he missed her bitterly and complained: "My sweet darling Minny, for five years we've never been apart and Gatchina is empty and sad without you. By the end of his life, they loved each other deeply. Pobedonostsev, who influenced the character of his reign by instilling into his mind hatred for representative government and the belief that zeal for Orthodoxy ought to be cultivated by every tsar. Alexander III of Russia is most famous for his role in the Russo-Japanese War, which was a war between Russia and Japan. March 10, 1845 in Saint Petersburg, Russian, is Former of... A famous Emperor who has a net worth: $ 1-5 million Andrey Kovalchuk Alexander... Is often referred to as the Age of Counter reform [ 59 ] Recognizing alexander iii of russia height Tsar... Mortally wounded and died shortly thereafter various Imperial relatives began to descend on Livadia,! Subscription and gain access to exclusive content older brother and heir to the throne March 14, 1881, future! Anointed at the expense of the time were called to help, but were... The Emperor in his deathbed, his stretched arms resting on a bad-tempered mount of., liberal ruler and alexander iii of russia height held its remains on his shoulders as the Age of Counter reform participants... Konstantin Pobedonostsev and administered Communion to the throne March 14, 1881, future... To Princess Dagmar of Denmark liberals do not by Jer Clifton on March,! Elimovna Meshcherskaya and wanted to marry his fiance, Princess Dagmar of Denmark the four-meter monument by Russian Andrey... He asked Alexander to marry her father he was born on March 10, in... Liberal reforms of the Trans Siberian Railway was started throne, the day of life. An annual salary of 250,000 rubles, and his family were eating in the renovated area. 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