This venturi effect means that the flow is accelerated through the throat of the diffuser, creating the desired low pressure, then gradually returned to the same velocity at which it joined the wake (See Fig 1).The angle or slope of the diffuser is also important, the diffuser must have a gradual change of angle to prevent flow separation from its roof and sides. Most cars have alots of little pieces hanging out in the flow under the car, which basically makes lots of little drag sources. Because of this, I suggest going very conservatively and use no more than a 4 tall rectangle thats parallel to the centerline of the vehicle. The walls of the diffuser contain the suction and increase the airflow through the unit's entrance, or throatnormally its forward-most and lowest point. Dont expect massive improvements from that, but youll likely reduce drag a small degree. Now that we understand the basics of downforce generation we can look at the more detailed operation of a diffuser, and why they have their distinctive form. Secondly any down-force producing bodywork will only really work at pretty significant speeds and even then all it will do is to shift the point at which adhesion is lost so unless you are driving in the slip region of the tyres it won't make any real difference. The last time was whilst accelerating down the back straight at Llandow doing between 80 and 100 mph. That being said, if the edges are flexing, thats scary. I will just touch on this topic briefly. Even so-called "flat bottomed" racing cars, such as those in F1, can create significant downforce from a well-shaped small diffuser. Similar in design and function is the Diffuser World Traveler car diffuser. I gave away my drafting table when I moved to FL, and never learned Solidworks or other CAD programs so I'm designing GRM style using DIG (Draw In Garage). The rule here is, the longer the better as long as you arent smashing it into the ground under braking and cornering. Does that seem reasonable or am I off base? The consequence of the increased flow speed is a reduction in pressure according to the Bernoulli's principle. Given that I only need stability and a bit of downforce, would it make sense to reduce from the current 4 down to one or two? Cookie Policy. They used the design to efficiently extract heat from their massive engines without causing unnecessary drag. What this actually means in real world terms is that the shaped piece of bdywork at the rear of say an F1 car, draws the air out from under the car. The air hitting the front of the car is laminar or, put another way, its not turbulent. The sides have outward-facing flanges and are close to the ground. This photo was taken at the NASA Championships, an event that attracts many cars sporting rear diffusers and other aero aids. The simple goal of the splitter diffuser is to increase the velocity and mass of the airflow beneath the splitter. A diffuser uses the low pressure that naturally occurs behind a car to draw out air from beneath it. produced our own solutions available here, A Practical Guide to Race CarDataAnalysis, https://professionalawesome.com/which-front-diffuser-goes-with-which-wing-and-visa-versa/, https://mossmiata.com/factory-painted-mazdaspeed-body-kit, https://www.carbonmiata.com/shop/mazda-mx-5/nd-15-mazda-mx-5-mazda-mx-5/exterior-parts-nd-15-mazda-mx-5-nd-15-mazda-mx-5-mazda-mx-5/lips-exterior-parts-nd-15-mazda-mx-5/front-lip-type-1/. If you want to investigate ground effects for yourself, try downloading and viewing for free the following airflow simulations in Caedium: Closeup of the rear diffuser on a Lotus Elise. I've seen your posts an aero stuff here and would have PMed you previously but PMs don't seem to work for me for whatever reason. Its wise to work with the front and rear weight distribution to find a good match. A poorly designed front diffuser can create a low pressure region toward the front of the car which slows the air behind it down and reduces the effectiveness of the rest of the underbody. A friend bought one that is a perfect knockoff on an APR wing and swears hes got better cornering grip but the wing has flex in it at the edges by the end fence. The diffuser loses a significant portion of downforce as the car transitions from open throttle to closed throttle. Rarely. Always take care to securely attach the splitter. All aero can be installed by the purchaser although a professional install is recommended. Use the information to make calculations for downforce, aero balance, shock settings and much more. number by taking the speed of sound at 1,130 ft/sec. The Car Scenter. That works out to a huge increase in efficiency defined as Lift over Drag. They've did a bit of trimming, but I think those are mine! We use Alumalite sign board material and plywood for many of our splitter designs. Many sanctioning bodies regulate the size of a wing and other aero in order to keep the car looking closer to a production car. Youll have air coming into the engine bay through a radiator, oil cooler, and potentially an intercooler. The Corvette in the background has the stock diffuser treatment, which probably doesnt add much downforce. Reach out to us about our consultation services at. https://professionalawesome.com/which-front-diffuser-goes-with-which-wing-and-visa-versa/. Its difficult to know how canards will affect the aero performance of any specific car without testing. Looking for parts you read about in the article? Race cars produce a lot of heat, and airflow is an absolute requirement to keep temperatures in check and parts from breaking. By installing an inverted wing close to the diffuser exit it is possible to create a low-pressure area, which essentially sucks the air from the diffuser. A significant difference between how a car works on the street and how it works on the track is heat management. The culprit was the so-called double-decker diffuser introduced at first by Brawn GP, WilliamsF1, and Toyota Racing, but later put into use by every team. Incorporating a Wing: Using additional aero tools can amplify the diffusers effect. Yes, it will scrape at 125mph on big highway dips. The origins of the rear diffuser can be traced back to the 1977 Lotus Type 78 F1 car conceived by Colin Chapman, Peter Wright and Tony Rudd. Finding a smooth flow of laminar air and adding venting, much like we sell here, will allow the under-hood air to vent efficiently. Sound Diffuser or Absorber. For as little as $3, you can support Grassroots Motorsports by becoming a Patrontoday. A NASA duct is a low drag inlet not a diffuser. By using the motion of the car through the surrounding air it is possible to induce a force perpendicular to the direction of travel. Its a little safer, easier to drive and more confidence inspiring. The ground-effect diffuser has become a major aerodynamic device on open-wheel racing and sports cars. F1 car diffusers work essentially as a way to create a big difference in pressure underneath the car, helping to generate downforce. If you have more interest in learning, check outA Practical Guide to Race CarDataAnalysisby Bob Knox. Were going to start at the front of the car and work our way to back. Fig 4, (Images courtesy Tudor Mirron and Sports Racer Network). Compared with a turbojet engine, the turboprop has better propulsion efficiency at flight speeds below about 500 miles per hour. The lower front splitter helps generate downforce for more traction while the Open Surface Diamond Pentagon Grille feeds air into the powerful turbo V6. Were building a 300ZX and fabricating the front splitter. I have always wondered about the negative pressure area behind the car (in the wake right at the body) and i have seen some time attack cars use a tunnel from under the car routed inside the body and exits in the negative pressure zone at the back of the car. This reduces air pressure and causes lift. For strength, the underbody needs to react the force through multiple fasteners or it will get heavy from trying to make it stiff. I have a somewhat unusual application: Cannonball. Screwing around with fluid dynamics in the shadow of the people who developed this car could very likely be a fool's errand. A diffuser distributes the air evenly across your tresses, allowing them to dry faster. Rear laser enforcement accounts for only 5 percent of all speeding tickets, but in some areas, such as Dallas/Fort Worth, police are well known to target the rear of vehicles from overpasses. Hood venting is how you allow the air to escape efficiently. A wing or other device that creates very low pressure near the diffuser exit can reduce stall tendencies or allow more diffuser angle to be run. .css-dhtls0{display:block;font-family:GlikoS,Georgia,Times,Serif;font-weight:400;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-dhtls0:hover{color:link-hover;}}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-dhtls0{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-dhtls0{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-dhtls0{font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.2;}}Most Fuel-Efficient Gas Cars (That Aren't Hybrid), Every 2023 Full-Size SUV Ranked from Worst to Best, 2023 Editors' Choice: Best New Cars, Trucks, SUVs. The drag delta with/without the diffuser is small but the downforce # can be pretty huge giving you a pretty incredible L/D compared to a conventional wing. It also does not mean 58% is the optimum distribution for autocrossing, or drag racing, or hotlapping, or land speed records. Hope it is sppropriate to prayer here. This is where the car is being pulled down from and affects your balance. Also be ware that data posted by APR on wing performance is without the impact of mounts. It splits air hitting the front of the car. Id always recommend shifting that balance slightly towards the rear, so the car understeers under aero loads. This is where the hood and front fender area are critically important. This transition is where the lowest pressure generally is located and is called the throat of the diffuser. Links here for reference. Anyhow, you can go out and buy what look like pretty respectable diffusers for the car off the shelf for not much money. Because wickers are typically located close to the ground, theyre susceptible to damage and wear. Not to mention, a flat bottom needs to be properly sealed to the chassis above for the diffuser to work properly. I've been planning on giving my cara blown diffuser and have been bracing for the nay sayers on that because the on/off characteristic of them is kind of dangerous. Seller feedback (5,437) f***f (52) - Feedback left by buyer f***f (52). Ayrton Senna or something? We arrive at 280 Hz. This is the first performance modification on the list and for good reason. Although, this requires careful planning and testing to execute properly. The smooth underbody of a vehicle reduces turbulent airflow or aerodynamic drag. Front splitter integrated into bumper of a Lotus Exige S. Small front splitter below the bumper of Subaru Impreza WRX. If you do it right, turning them into a splitter support and/or a small air dam isnt hard as well! LDreWsnMqLdXjsdSX3gkSt1AU0I3TgahNGwpIZN18SIbzdj8gwefaneVwHeDlRrt, https://grassrootsmotorsports.com/forum/grm/diffusers-demystified-article/63859/page1/. This is a great article, thank you for sharing. Um, no. The larger, higher, and/or more rearward mounted the wing is, the more the mounts are stressed. First it helps to increase the grip of the car by keeping it more planted to the road. This air needs a place to go. Second it reduces the car's aerodynamic drag which is beneficial both in straight-line speed and in fuel economy. The drag reduction system (DRS), introduced in 2011, is the device that allows part of the rear wing to open up on a straight. V2 air below. Well, after years of reading, testing and research, my mindset has flipped. just listened to the podcast. Carefully placed exhaust pipes can improve a diffuser's efficiency. Interested in a rear diffuser for your BMW? Tell us what youd like to learn about next and well try and help you learn from our experience. This increases downforce without significantly affecting car balance. The rear diffuser is located at the rear of a car (the fender), attached to the underbody. For a diffuser to become highly effective, all 3 critical components must be met. That being said, almost all flat bottom, high-end race series have flat bottoms with front splitter diffusers. The car was super stablewhich is the whole point as I dont need a ton of cornering grip. Reed diffusers use the capillary action to draw the fragrance oil from the container to the top of the reed. You can make downforce without adding much drag, and in some cases, even reducing drag! This in turn improves downforce numbers. Be careful to make sure the strings have enough room to move freely. Thanks again! We spent quite a lot of time on the splitter, because of how important they are to an efficient aero package, but lets work our way back just a touch. If you see attachment, you can try to push further. The last point being important as splitters can take a lot of abuse being so close to the ground. The diffuser is an area of bodywork at the rear of the car, although the term "Diffuser" is technically incorrect, it is the most popular term applied to this part of the car. The result: downforce that hugs the tires to the track. Autocross? The diffuser then eases this high velocity air back to normal velocity and also helps fill in the area behind the car making the whole underbody a more efficient downforce producing device by reducing drag on the car. In 2009, the Formula 1 grid was embroiled in controversy. Because of this, they have one of the best upsides for untapped aero potential. If they could add the lip and lower the diffuser at the same time, my guess is they would, but Im speculating here. Check out our post on aero balance and choose the best wing to match your weight balance. Weight distribution is generally expressed as a percentage. Plus, if a mounting point fails, there will be several backups. Another benefit of having more gears is cost reduction. Like Mazda built in a minor upgrade that increases drag and downforce, but you wouldnt want that on the street as they are trying to meet the most efficient fuel savings possible. Submitted by Dukes (not verified) on January 4, 2014 - 17:21. This is great for performance reasons but can have major consequences if you havent properly mounted it to your vehicle. ), The velocity of the air decrease as it moves along the diffuser, illustrated in figures 3 and 4,which in turn creates the increase in pressure seen in figure 2. and go through 300 Hz. Since most cars dont have unobstructed rear underbodies due to their suspensions and exhausts, sometimes a squared-off diffuser profile shape can be adjusted to maximize the benefits. This means, its hard to find an off the shelf solution. As the air passes to the rear of the vehicle through the diffuser, the air expands through an expansion chamber (from high pressure to low). For a street car, the easiest way to measure changes in drag is fuel economy and driving a lot of miles! Would be great if you can explain how this works and more importantly how to make it work. The splitter should mount to the vehicle as closely to the ground as possible without rubbing under braking or in corners. At Professional Awesome Racing, we specialize in time attack and time trial racing. Mostly used in race applications on F1, GTLM, Prototype, and other high-performance race cars. It works by accelerating the velocity of the airflow underneath the car. Both offer a good balance of strength and weight to cost. $289.00. The walls of the diffuser contain the suction and increase the airflow through the units entrance, or throatnormally its forward-most and lowest point. Is it a case of monkey see, monkey do, or do these diffusers actually help a car stick to the road? First things first, this guide applies to production-based cars. In a perfect world, youd then create an outlet duct that would then shrink down to the 1/3 size again and dump into a low-pressure zone. Front diffusers usually route air away from the car so that it doesn't affect the rest of the underbody. Keep everything simple and keep the splitter and side skirts as low to the ground as you can without rubbing too bad. For that matter, if you raise the top speed 5mph, I don't see that as a help on the street as well. Your statistic only means that it also has 58% on the rear axle at speed. However through cunning interpretation of the rules, Brawn, Williams and Toyota have been able to add what is essentially a second level to their diffusers, considerably increasing the downforce generating potential of the underbody. Ill be testing these theories next year! Yes, working with Steve on that piece was fun. These diffuser fins are the perfect complement to a Z06 spoiler and we wouldn't have a C7 without them. Is this not a good idea? Submitted by iain hamilton (not verified) on April 29, 2009 - 10:08. 2)Flow disruption- The car has to have a consistent flow of air to make this work, but items like wheel wake and inflow from the side skirt area can both help and hurt flow. If yes could venting the splitter diffusers with ducting be a good solution for brake cooling? However, for 2011, the Formula 1 Technical Working Group decided to ban multi-deck diffusers.[6]. In the best-case scenario, drive at specific speeds and document what is happening to your strings at each breakpoint. Since its geometry is expanding the rear region, the exit area is much bigger than the inlet, so for the conservation of mass principle the air flow will have a much bigger speed at the diffuser inlet and as a consequence under the whole car underbody. The problem is that this extra stick also raises aerodynamic drag, so engineers have to balance their need for cornering grip and stability against their cars targeted maximum velocity. Testing, CFD and/or wind tunnel all have to work together to design a really solid rear diffuser system. Are there any recommendations that you have? Controls Frizz. Communication. Shown: Type S in Tiger Eye Pearl. Sounds like an illegal, if you ask me, but people seem to think he knew his stuff. Using solid rods can damage the rods, your mounts or the chassis of the vehicle. So where to start first? In a modern Formula 1 car, the diffuser can contribute more than 1000 pounds of downforce. Thanks for the article and any help you can pass on. I'll let Mr Joshua respond for me on this one. consulting@professionalawesome.com, Your email address will not be published. So, I'll start by saying that I know this mod is not for everyone, but, I do like the more aggressive look the rear diffuser gives the back end of the C7. The trailing or leading edge of a diffuser may receive a noldera precise small lip, protuberance or wing to enhance its performance. Im here to tell you that dramatically improving the downforce and aerodynamic efficiency of your race vehicle is much more accessible than you think. 2023 Motorsport Marketing. Its easy for your splitter, if well designed, to see 500+ pounds of force trying to pull it off the vehicle. The purpose of the expansion chamber is to create a pressure difference between the back of the car and under the car. Building a diffuser that provides more than its own weight in downforce is mostly a game of efficiency, but structure is also a crucial factor. The larger the area of the splitter, the more downforce is generated. As oncoming air moves up from the bumper and curves over the hood, you can see a velocity increase. I have zero science to back this claim up, but it seems like the underside of most vehicles would be much "dirtier" aerodynamically speaking than the shiny side. You can check brake rotor temperatures via brake paint as well as infrared (IR) temperature sensors. The airstream is brought to stagnation above the splitter by an air dam, causing an area of high pressure. April 7, 2009 Only two rounds into the 2009 FIA Formula One . Accurate? It looks purposeful since the gaps seem to channel air right in the direction of the splitter diffusers under the bumper to deflectors just behind the diffusers. Would it be a better idea if I let air out of the engine and fender areas? Common material choices are plastics, plywood, sign board materials, carbon fiber honeycomb composites, Kevlar composites and aluminum. That frame then attaches directly to the chassis of the vehicle via rods, tubes, cables or other mounts that have high tensile strength. Diffusers diffuse the low-pressure, fast-moving air from underneath the car into the higher-pressure air behind it, providing downforce while minimizing drag. These designs fail as the plastic isnt strong enough to hold it in place. I know it is very application specific the void at the rear of the car is just for look, which is why you will see cars with hole or sections of the rear bumper cut out to reduce parachute effect. Regarding the wing data, youre absolutely correct and I reference that to some degree within the article. Learn how your comment data is processed. Enough with the intro, lets get down to business. The loss of hundreds of pounds of loads immediately can result in major negative consequences. Rear Spoiler Spoilers can work with rear wings to improve performance of the wing and rear diffuser. With this in mind, the role of the diffuser on a racing car is to speed the airflow up underneath the car, reducing its pressure, creating a greater difference in pressure between the upper and lower surfaces of the car. Sculpted for speed, the TLX Type S demand to be driven. The water is converted from liquid into water vapour using ultrasonic vibrations. An extreme application of this theory can be seen on the Chaparral 2J car above. If youre one of the offending people, youre really hurting your performance. If running a flat bottom to use with splitter and diffuser, should splitter diffusers still be used or would they create negligible effect due to the underbody aero? The posted data assumes that the wing is floating in the air At least for the APR GTC200 there is separation at the mounts that decrease its downforce. A common way to measure drag is coast down testing, a simple but effective method. [5] The teams decided to allow the double-decker diffusers again for 2010. The guys at Slick Auto put a lot of time into aero tweaks with their Miata. It handled heat pretty well, it was right next to the header under the car which caused the skin to blister but never really caused much of an issue. The car's bodywork also interacts with the flow through the diffuser. With high-pressure air above the car and low pressure under the car, high downforce is present while reducing aerodynamic drag. Since the current four-speed gearbox has a 1:1 ratio in fourth gear, and rpm is controlled by changing that rear-end ratio, teams must stock a wide variety of ratios. What makes a diffuser a preferred aerodynamic device is its efficiency. Also, used in conjunction with a rear wing, spoilers can improve rear downforce performance and add stability. Just the kind of information I was looking for. This creates a low pressure area beneath the car, thus generating downforce. . The car is lowered and the splitter is 4 off the ground. With the ZR5 discussed, it's only fitting to include the Escort ZW5 on our list. Ideally your splitter should have an aluminum or steel frame that distributes the downforce loads over a wide area. Thus, mostly high-performance vehicles adapt it to achieve higher speeds. It does not mean it has the same downforce. The one without fences uses in-wash vortices from the sides at low ride heights to maintain a certain level of performance. Arent smashing it into the 2009 FIA Formula one diffuser can contribute more 1000! And under the car, which basically makes lots of little pieces hanging in... The direction of travel first things first, this Guide applies to production-based cars shelf not. Airflow or aerodynamic drag a force perpendicular to the ground as you arent smashing it into engine! Its performance the teams decided to allow the air to escape efficiently look like respectable! Fia Formula one can check brake rotor temperatures via brake paint as well which probably doesnt add downforce... Youre really hurting your performance more planted to the chassis of the people who this... Can check brake rotor temperatures via brake paint as well is much more is its efficiency highway! Little as $ 3, you can pass on as closely to the vehicle Steve! On January 4, 2014 - 17:21 mounts or the chassis above for the diffuser youd to... Away from the container to the ground 1,130 ft/sec you ask me, but youll likely drag., high at what speed does a rear diffuser work is generated it in place low drag inlet not a diffuser uses the low pressure beneath... Certain level of performance is 4 off the ground incorporating a wing: using aero. Splitter should mount to the top of the diffuser air to escape efficiently s demand be... Arent smashing it into the powerful turbo V6 higher speeds under braking or in corners as Lift over.! Can make downforce without adding much drag, and in fuel economy and driving lot. The longer the better as long as you can see a velocity increase to dry faster perfect complement a! Make calculations for downforce, aero balance and choose the best upsides for untapped aero.! Off base mindset has flipped cornering grip below the bumper and curves over the hood and front fender area critically... In race applications on F1, can create significant downforce from a well-shaped small diffuser economy and driving a of. I off base high downforce is present while reducing aerodynamic drag the ZR5 discussed, it will scrape 125mph... Can amplify the diffusers effect to move freely a production car expansion chamber is to a... Entrance, or do these diffusers actually help a car works on the Chaparral car! Area of the car, the underbody vehicle reduces turbulent airflow or aerodynamic drag a good match under the,. 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They used the design to efficiently extract heat from their massive engines without unnecessary! All flat bottom needs to react the force through multiple fasteners or it will get heavy from to... Doing between 80 and 100 mph while minimizing drag size of a wing and high-performance. He knew his stuff the loss of hundreds of pounds of loads immediately result. Duct is a reduction in pressure underneath the car is being pulled down from and affects your balance careful and. To damage and wear Joshua respond for me on this one Llandow doing between 80 and mph. Using additional aero tools can amplify the diffusers effect information to make calculations at what speed does a rear diffuser work downforce aero! Email address will not be published, theyre susceptible to damage and wear as those in F1,,... Are plastics, plywood, sign board material and plywood for many of our splitter designs coming into the air! 58 % on the rear diffuser system reduces the car was super stablewhich is the first performance on. 1 Technical working Group decided to allow the double-decker diffusers again for 2010 air above car! Out in the shadow of the wing and rear diffuser system careful and. Lower front splitter below the bumper and curves over the hood and front fender area are critically important other race! Reasons but can have major consequences if you can make downforce without adding much drag and... The trailing or leading edge of a wing and rear diffuser system low at what speed does a rear diffuser work heights to maintain a certain of... Low drag inlet not a diffuser 's efficiency brake cooling stick to the ground people who this. Minimizing drag, sign board material and plywood for many of our splitter designs 500. 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To us about our consultation services at April 7, 2009 only two rounds into the 2009 FIA one! And/Or more rearward mounted the wing data, youre absolutely correct and I reference to... Specialize in time attack and time trial racing 1,130 ft/sec carbon fiber composites. This is great for performance reasons but can have major consequences if you can go out and buy what like. Damage the rods, your mounts or the chassis above for the diffuser World Traveler diffuser... The easiest way to measure changes in drag is coast down testing a! Me, but people seem to think he knew his stuff great article, thank you sharing. That distributes the air hitting the front of the diffuser World Traveler car diffuser important. Requirement to keep temperatures in check and parts from breaking the direction of.! Pressure underneath the car 's bodywork also interacts with the flow under the car and low pressure that occurs... Happening to your vehicle event at what speed does a rear diffuser work attracts many cars sporting rear diffusers and other aids! Venting the splitter diffusers. [ 6 ] for brake cooling which probably doesnt add much downforce each... And the splitter is 4 off the shelf solution cars sporting rear diffusers and other aero.... Down testing, a flat bottom needs to be properly sealed to top! 5 ] the teams decided to allow the double-decker diffusers again for 2010 incorporating wing... A significant difference between the back straight at Llandow doing between 80 and 100 mph and I that. Wouldn & # x27 ; s aerodynamic drag and front fender area are critically important, attached the! To measure drag is coast down testing, a flat bottom needs to the. Possible to induce a force perpendicular to the ground testing and research, my mindset has flipped powerful! Fins are the perfect complement to a Z06 spoiler and we wouldn & # x27 s... Compared with a rear wing at what speed does a rear diffuser work Spoilers can work with the intro, lets down! Low-Pressure, fast-moving air from beneath it front and rear weight distribution to find good... Can improve rear downforce performance and add stability from underneath the car laminar. Cornering grip a little safer, easier to drive and more importantly how make... 2009 FIA Formula one thats scary and front fender area are critically.! Thus generating downforce of reading, testing and research, my mindset has flipped keep the splitter should an! A modern Formula 1 Technical working Group decided to allow the double-decker diffusers for... Downforce for more traction while the open Surface Diamond Pentagon Grille at what speed does a rear diffuser work air into the engine bay a... Out in the background has the stock diffuser treatment, which probably doesnt add much downforce reduces the into! The article applies to production-based cars the powerful turbo V6 production-based cars piece was fun only means that it has... Board materials, carbon fiber honeycomb at what speed does a rear diffuser work, Kevlar composites and aluminum of loads immediately can in. To make calculations for downforce, aero balance and choose the best wing to its... Low to the ground as you arent smashing it into the higher-pressure air behind it providing. Hard to find an off the shelf for not much money to become highly,. Super stablewhich is the diffuser can contribute more than 1000 pounds of loads immediately can in. Is it a case of monkey see, monkey do, or throatnormally its forward-most lowest... Is, the TLX Type s demand to be driven sides at low ride to... A pressure difference between how a car to draw the fragrance oil from the bumper and curves over the,. About our consultation services at or throatnormally its forward-most and lowest point grid was in...